The Dutchman was hired in the summer to succeed Xabi Alonso, but is already out of the door after just three games in charge. He had signed a two-year contract upon his appointment.
Speaking after the announcement, sporting director Simon Rolfes said, "This decision wasn't easy for us. No one wanted to take this step. But the past few weeks have shown that building a new and successful team with this setup isn't feasible. We firmly believe in the quality of our team and will now do everything we can to take the next steps in our development."